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Packet Switching Networks Packet Switching - Packets are relayed across network along the best route available.
Repeater = Physical layer - takes a weak signal and regenerates it - doesn't translate or filter anything - can move packets from on physical media to another (i.e. can connect thinet to fiber-optic) - they are cheap - will pass a broadcast storm
Bridge = Data Link layer - does everything a repeater does - reduce traffic by segmenting the network by using a routing table- regenerate the signal at the packet level - not suited to WANs slower than 56K - will pass broadcast storms - read the source and destination of every packet - pass packet with unknown destinations - connect dissimilar networks (i.e. Token Ring and Ethernet)
Router = Network layer - does filtering and isolating traffic - forwards particular protocols to particular addresses (other routers) - connect network segments - not all protocols are routeable (LAT and NetBEUI) - are used in complex network situations because they provide better traffic mgmt. than brides - don't pass broadcast traffic.
Brouter = combines best qualities of both a bridge and a Router - can act like a Router for one protocol and bridge all of the others (nonroutable) - delivers more cost-effective
 

 
 
 

 

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MCSE : Security Specialist

56. You can use both “Ping Localhost” and “Ping 127.0.0.1” (don’t put double quotes) to see whether the TCP/IP stack is installed properly. Ipconfig is used to obtain the TCP/IP configuration information, such as the IP address, subnet mask, default gateway etc. on the local computer.

57. The various options available with Ipconfig for managing DHCP are:

1.     Ipconfig /all

Produces complete details. Without this switch, 'ipconfig' displays only the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway values for each network card.

2.     Ipconfig /renew [adapter]

Renews DHCP configuration parameters. This option is available only on systems running the DHCP Client service.

3.     Ipconfig /release [adapter]

Releases the current DHCP configuration. This option disables TCP/IP on the local system and is available only on DHCP clients.

4.     To specify an adapter name, type the adapter name that appears when you use 'ipconfig' without parameters.

 

58. To map a network drive letter to a share, we use the command NET USE. The correct command syntax is “net use Z:\\Server01\Myfiles”.

59. Computer Management -> Shared Folders can be used to view some very useful information like,

-          Shares information: Here you can see all of the shares that have been configured on the computer.

-          Session Information: Allows you to see username, computer name etc that has connected to a share currently

-          Open Files: Allow you to see currently opened files

60. You can use the View tab in Folder Options applet in the Control Panel to show / hide files and folders that have “Hidden” attribute set. You can also use Windows Explorer -> Tools -> Folder Options -> View tab.